高三英語語法知識點總結(jié)

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高三英語語法知識點總結(jié)

none、all 的用法

a. All has been done.(作主語，表示“所有事”謂動用單數(shù))

All are present . (作主語，表示“所有人”謂動用復(fù)數(shù))

b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football.

注意：在回答what/who 問句時，用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……問句時用none.

Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing.

How much money do you have? None.

every、each的使用

1)every只能修飾名詞，而each既可修飾名詞，也可作名詞使用。

eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student

2)在單獨作主語、同位語、賓語時只用each.

a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one.

b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.

3)every能表達(dá)“每隔”的含義，而each則不能。

every three days 每3天、每隔2天 every few years每隔幾年

every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行

4)every與one連用，可用of修飾( 要分開寫)。

every one of us 我們中的每一人 each of us我們中的每一人

every one of the books 這些書中的每1本

each of the books這些書中的每1本

高三英語語法知識點歸納

1、 at

如： 常用詞組有： at noon, at night

表示時間的 at, in, on：表示片刻的時間，at 8 o’clock，at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。

in 表示一段的時間

如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。

on 總是跟日子有關(guān)，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。

2、表示時間的 since 和 from：since 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時間的過程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用：from 表示從時間的某一點開始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時、過去時、將來時連用。

如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.

3、表示時間的 in 和 after：兩者都表示“在(某個時間)之后，區(qū)別在于in表示“在(一段時間)之后” ，而 after 則表示“在(某一具體時間點之后)，in 短語和將來時態(tài)連用，after 短語和過去時態(tài)或?qū)頃r態(tài)連用。

如：We’ll be back in three days.

After seven the rain began to fall.

What shall we do after graduation?

After two months he returned. 注意：after 有時也可以表示在一段時間之后(常用在過去時里)

4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to：in 表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on 指與什么毗鄰，to 指在某環(huán)境范圍之外

如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.

5、表示“在……上”的 on 和 in：on 只表示在某物的表面上，而用 in 表示占去某物一部分，表示……上

如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.

6、表示“穿過……”的 through 和 across：through 表示從內(nèi)部通過，與 in 有關(guān);across 表示“穿過……”，表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通過，與 on 有關(guān)。

如：Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.

7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corn 表示在落，in 指角的內(nèi)面;on the corner 表示“在角上” ，on 指的不是內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外兼有之意;at the corner指“在拐角處” 指的是拐角外附近的外面。

如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met at with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.

8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end 作“最后”“終于”解，可單獨使用，后不接介詞 of;at the end of 表示“在……末梢”“到……盡頭” ，既可指時間，也可以指地上或物體。不可單獨使用;by the end of 作“在……結(jié)束時”“到……末為止”解，只能指時間，不可單獨使用。

如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the

end of last month he had finished the novel

9、表示“關(guān)于”的 about 和 on：兩者都有“關(guān)于”的意思，不過前者為一般用詞，而后者表示“關(guān)于” ，為較正式的 “論述”

如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science

10、between, among：一般說來，between 表示兩者之間，among用于三者或三者以上的中間。

如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.

注意：但有時說的雖然是三個以上的人或東西，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，適用于between。

如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談到一些事物或一組事物，

而把它們視為分居兩邊時用 between。

如：The little valley lies between high mountains.

在談事物 間的差別時，總是用 between。

如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, coats and barley.

11、besides, except, but, except for：

besides 指除了……還有

如：All went out besides me

except 指“除了，減去什么” ，不能放在句首。

如：All went out except me.

but 與 except 意思近似，表示“除了……外”經(jīng)常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything 等和其他疑 問詞后面。

如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.;

except for 表示“如無……就， 只是”表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。

如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

12、表示“用”的 in 和 with：表示工具的“用” 、表示“ ，用 with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等的 “用” 用 in。

如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil

We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.

13、charge of 和 in the charge of：in 兩者都表示 “由誰負(fù)責(zé)、照顧、管理” 區(qū)別在于： charge of 后接被照管的人或物， in the charge of 后面則跟照管的人。

如：Who is in charge of the project

The project is in the charge of an engineer

14、as, like：as 作“作為”“以……地位或身份”解。

如：Let me speak to you as a father.(事實是父親)

like 作“象……一樣”解

如：Let me speak to you like a father.(事實上不是父親)

15、in front of 和 in the front of：in front of = before，是“在……前面”的意思(不在某物內(nèi))

in the front of 則是“在……前部”的意思(在某物內(nèi))

如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.

16、in, into：into 表示動向，不表示目的地或位置。

如：We walked into the park.;in 通常表示位置。

We walked in the park;

in 和 drop, fall, put, throw, break 等終止性動詞連用時，也可以表示動向。

如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬幣放進(jìn)衣袋。

高三英語語法知識點梳理

虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句

1.wish后的賓語從句。

與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致，用主語十過去時，例如：

I wi。hIwere you.

與過去愿望不一致，用主語+had+過去分詞，例如：Iwish I had visited the White House whenI was in the States與將來愿望不一致，用主語+would (could)+原形。

2.It's time句型：當(dāng)lt's tine后用that從句時應(yīng)該為主i吾+should+動詞原形或主語十過去時，例如：It，s time thatyou went to school.或It's time that you should go to schooL

3- If only引起的感嘆句相當(dāng)于“How I wish+賓語從句”。

(l)If only he could come.他要能來就好了。

(2)If only I had known the answer.我要早知道答案就好了。

4.WOuld rather，as if(though)引導(dǎo)的從句也需使用虛擬語氣，表示過去的情況用過去完成時，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時，例如：

(l)I'd rather you posted the letter right away.

(2)She loves the children as if they were hers.

5.含蓄虛擬條件句含蓄條件句是指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來暗示存在虛擬條件。但是這類隱含式虛擬條件句往往都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句。常用來表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有：

(1)介詞或介詞短語。如but for，but that，without,in case of, under more favorable condition等。

(2)連詞。如so that, unless, in case, supposing,lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(唯恐)，in orderthat, on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。

注意：lest, for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語動詞多用should+動詞原形，但也可以不用虛擬語氣，而用動詞的陳述語氣形式。例如：The foreign teacher spokeslowly in case we misunderstood him這位外籍教師說得很慢以免我們誤解。

(3)通過上下文及內(nèi)在含義，句中往往有but,otherwise, unfortunately等類似轉(zhuǎn)折詞。

without, but. but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。例如：

①Without you,1 would never know him

②But for your oooperation, we wouldn't have done it

③But that she was afraid, she would have said no. .

④i would be most glad to help you, butI am busy now.

⑤I would have come to the party yesterday, but ljwas working.

⑥I am busy now, otherwise l would do you the favor!