高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容必考點(diǎn)大全
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容必考點(diǎn)大全總結(jié)
學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)一定要學(xué)好語(yǔ)法，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是高考中常常容易出錯(cuò)的點(diǎn)，考生們復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，知道要復(fù)習(xí)哪些英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)嗎?下面是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容必考點(diǎn)大全，歡迎大家來(lái)閱讀。
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法有哪些
基數(shù)詞
表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫數(shù)詞。
1.基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：
1-10 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;
11-19 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,
seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;
20-90 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;
≥ 100
100 a/one hundred;
1,000 a/one thousand;
1,000,000 a/one million;
1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million
2. 基數(shù)詞的用法
1)作主語(yǔ)：
Three will be enough for us.
三個(gè)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)就足夠了。
Two of the girls are from Tokyo.
這些姑娘中有兩位來(lái)自東京。
2)作賓語(yǔ)：
Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.
四個(gè)人申請(qǐng)這工作，但我們僅需一人。
3)作表語(yǔ)：
The population of China is over 1.3 billion.
中國(guó)有十三億多人口。
I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.
我二十歲，我弟弟十六歲。
4)作定語(yǔ)：
We have 300 workers in our company.
我們公司有三百名員工。
Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名學(xué)生參加了這次采訪。
5)作同位語(yǔ)：
You two clean these seats.
你們兩個(gè)打掃這些位子。
Have you got tickets for us three?
有我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人的票嗎?
序數(shù)詞
表示順序或等級(jí)。
1. 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：
1-10： first 1st; second 2nd; third 3rd; fourth 4th; fifth 5th; sixth 6th; seventh 7th;eighth 8th; ninth 9th; tenth 10th;
11-19： eleventh 11th; twelfth 12th; thirteenth 13th; fourteenth 14th ;fifteenth 15th; sixteenth 16th; seventeenth 17th; eighteenth 18th;nineteenth 19th;
20-90： twentieth 20th; thirtieth 30th; fortieth 40th; fiftieth 50th; sixtieth 60th;seventieth 70th; eightieth 80th; ninetieth 90th;
≥100：
100 hundredth;
1,000 thousandth;
1,000,000 millionth;
1,000,000,000 billionth
2、序數(shù)詞的用法
1)作主語(yǔ)：
The second is what I really need.
第二個(gè)是我真正需要的。
The first bottle has been full but the second is empty.
第一個(gè)瓶已滿，但第二個(gè)還空著。
2)作賓語(yǔ)：
I got a third in biology.
我生物得到了第三名。
Do you prefer the first or the second?
第一個(gè)和第二個(gè)你更喜歡哪一個(gè)呢?
3)作表語(yǔ)：
I will be the first to support you and the last to oppose you
.我將是第一個(gè)支持你的人，也是最不會(huì)反對(duì)你的人。
Columbus was the first who discovered America.
哥倫布是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的人。
4)作定語(yǔ)：
I’ll try a second time and see if I can do it.
我還要試一次，看看我能否做得了。
Take the first turn to the right and then the second turn to the left and you’ll get there.
在第一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)彎處向右轉(zhuǎn)，然后在第二個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)彎處向左轉(zhuǎn)就到了。
5)作狀語(yǔ)：
He came second in the race.
他在賽跑中得了第二名。
It was a snowy day when we first met.
我們初次見(jiàn)面時(shí)是一個(gè)下雪的日子。
3、 序數(shù)詞前冠詞的使用
1) 明確指明了先后順序或一系列事物按一定的規(guī)律排列時(shí)，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞。
This is the second time that I have been in London.
這是我第二次來(lái)倫敦。
Alva is the fifth child of the Whites.
阿爾瓦市懷特家的第五個(gè)孩子。
2) 表示“又一、再一”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)順序時(shí)，序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞。
You have bought four toys today. Why do you want to buy a fifth one?
今天你已經(jīng)買(mǎi)了四個(gè)玩具了，為什么還想再買(mǎi)一個(gè)呢?
I failed again, but I will try a third time.
我又失敗了，可是我要再試一次。
3) 序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格或其他修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)不用任何冠詞。
My first five years of childhood was spent with my grandparents.
我五歲前是和祖父母一塊度過(guò)的。
Mrs. Black’s second child is a genius.
布萊克夫人的第二個(gè)孩子是個(gè)天才。
4) 序數(shù)詞與名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞時(shí)，冠詞由被修飾詞而定。此時(shí)序數(shù)詞是復(fù)合形容詞的一部分而不是獨(dú)立的，前面的冠詞完全由這個(gè)形容詞所修飾的名詞而定。
This MPV car is a second-hand one.
這輛商務(wù)車是二手的。
Habit is second nature.
習(xí)慣是第二天性。
5) 序數(shù)詞還可作副詞，此時(shí)不用任何冠詞。
First I am short of money; second I haven’t enough time.
首先我缺錢(qián)，其次我沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間。
6) 序數(shù)詞用在表示“每隔……”的every 后，其前不用冠詞。
every second day 每隔一天
every fifth day 每隔四天
every second line 每隔一行
7) 某些固定搭配中序數(shù)詞前不用冠詞。
first of all 首先
at first 起初
at first sight 乍一看，第一
數(shù)詞的用法
1. 分?jǐn)?shù)：表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子須用基數(shù)詞，分母須用序數(shù)詞。
(分子是1以上的任何數(shù)時(shí)，作分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。)
1) 真分?jǐn)?shù)通常用英語(yǔ)單詞表達(dá)。
one-fourth 四分之一
two-fifths 五分之二
a quarter 四分之一
2) 分子和分母的數(shù)目較大時(shí)，兩者都用基數(shù)詞，之間用over/by/out of/in 連接。
Seven over/out of/in twenty of the students have passed the flight test.
二十個(gè)學(xué)生中有七個(gè)通過(guò)了飛行測(cè)試。
3) 帶分?jǐn)?shù)：“整數(shù)+ and + 分?jǐn)?shù)部分”。
Two and a quarter inches of rain fell over the weekend.
周末期間的降雨量達(dá)二又四分之一英寸。
2. 小數(shù)：小數(shù)總是用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表達(dá)。小數(shù)點(diǎn)后不論有多少位都不能用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，但小數(shù)點(diǎn)之前的數(shù)依然按照三位一個(gè)逗號(hào)的原則書(shū)寫(xiě)。
0.786432 120,372.428
注意：小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的數(shù)按普通基數(shù)詞的讀法讀，小數(shù)點(diǎn)后的數(shù)每一位都要單獨(dú)讀。
15.503 讀作fifteen point five zero three
0.05 讀作zero point zero five
3. 百分?jǐn)?shù)：百分?jǐn)?shù)中的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，后接percent或百分號(hào)(%)，在專業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)或表格中常用%代替percent，在句首時(shí)則用英語(yǔ)單詞書(shū)寫(xiě)。
I have invested 40 percent of my income.
我把40%的收入用作投資了。
Farmers’ income has increased by 30%.
農(nóng)民的收入已經(jīng)增加了30%。
4、 倍數(shù)：表示倍數(shù)時(shí)，一倍用once，兩倍 用twice/double，三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞+ times”。
1)“倍數(shù) + as many/much … as …”
My deskmate claims to have twice as many stamps as I.
我同桌聲稱他的郵票是我的兩倍。
This computer costs three times as much as that one.
這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)的價(jià)格是那臺(tái)的三倍。
2)“倍數(shù) + the size of …”
用法與size相同的名詞常見(jiàn)的有weight(重量)，height(高度)，depth(深度)，width(寬度)，age(年齡)，length(長(zhǎng)度)等。
Our playground is five times the size of theirs.
我們的操場(chǎng)是他們的五倍大。
This street is twice/double the width of that one.
這條大街是那條大街的兩倍寬。
3)“倍數(shù) + what從句”
The value of the house is double what it was.
這所房子的價(jià)值是原來(lái)的兩倍。
People’s average income is almost five times what they earned ten years ago.
人們的平均收入是十年前的五倍。
4)“倍數(shù) + 比較級(jí) + than”
The room is twice larger than ours.
這間房子比我們的房子大兩倍。
This ball seats three times more people than that one.
這個(gè)大廳能坐的人數(shù)是那個(gè)大廳的四倍。
5)“比較級(jí) + than … + by + 倍數(shù)/程度”
The line is longer than that one by twice.
這根線是那根線的兩倍長(zhǎng)。
The population of China is larger than that of the US by over 6 times.
中國(guó)人口是美國(guó)人口的六倍多。
5、四則運(yùn)算：
1)加法：在口語(yǔ)中，小數(shù)目的加法常用and代表“+”，is 或 are 代表“=”。
在正式的場(chǎng)合或較大數(shù)目的加法用plus代表“+”，equals或is 代表“=”。
7+4=11 Seven and four is/are eleven.
13+12=25 Thirteen plus twelve equals/is twenty-five.
2) 減法：在口語(yǔ)中，小數(shù)目的減法用“Take away + 減數(shù) + from + 被減數(shù) + and you get + 余數(shù)”
“減數(shù) + from + 被減數(shù) + leaves/is + 余數(shù)”
在正式的場(chǎng)合或較大數(shù)目的減法用minus 代表“—”，equals 代表“=”。
12-5=7 Five from twelve leaves/is seven. /Take away five from twelve and you get seven.
21-7=14 Twenty-one minus seven equals fourteen.
3) 乘法：在口語(yǔ)中，小數(shù)目的乘法的乘數(shù)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，用are 代表“=”。
大數(shù)目的乘法用times代表“×”，is/makes 代表“=”。
在正式的場(chǎng)合下用multiplied by 代表“×”，equals 代表“=”。
4×5=20 Four fives are twenty
326×238=77588
Three hundred and twenty-six times two hundred and thirty-eight is/makes seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
Three hundred and twenty-six multiplied by two hundred and thirty-eight equals seventy-seven thousand five hundred and eighty-eight.
4) 除法：小數(shù)目的除法：用divided by 代表“÷”，equals 代表“=”。
“被除數(shù) + divided by + 除數(shù) + equals + 商”;“除數(shù) + into + 被除數(shù) + goes + 商”
32÷4=8 Thirty-two divided by four equals eight.
Four into thirty-two goes eight.
大數(shù)目的除法：用divided by 代表“÷”，equals 代表“=”。
216÷8=27
Two hundred and sixteen divided by eight equals twenty-seven.
6、比率：一般來(lái)說(shuō)表示比率都用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(包括句首的情況)，但在非專業(yè)性的文字中，也可用英語(yǔ)單詞的形式。
The ratio of 7 to 4 is written 7:4 or 7/4.
七比四寫(xiě)作7:4或7/4。
You have a fifty to fifty chance of success.
你成功的機(jī)會(huì)只有一半。
7、編號(hào)：用基數(shù)詞時(shí) 名詞 + 基數(shù)詞 World War Ⅰ/Page 8/Room 109…
用序數(shù)詞時(shí) the + 序數(shù)詞 + 名詞 the First World War
8、年代與幾十幾歲：通常是逢十的基數(shù)詞用作復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示年代的數(shù)詞前用定冠詞 in the 90s;表示歲數(shù)的數(shù)詞前用形容詞用物主代詞 in one’s twenties
9、約數(shù)：
1)表示“大約”可以用about/some/around/nearly/something like/more or less，用or so 表示“左右、大約”置于數(shù)詞之后。
The man in rags is about/some sixty years old.
The man in rags is sixty years old or so.
那個(gè)衣衫襤褸的男子大約有六十歲/六十歲左右。
Peter is something like thirty.
皮特大約有三十歲。
2)“多于、超過(guò)”用more/than/over/above;“少于、不超過(guò)”用less than。
She was more than/less than forty when she got married.
她結(jié)婚時(shí)有四十多歲/不到四十歲。
3)其他
半天(小時(shí))half a day=a half day; half an hour=a half hour
一個(gè)半 a day and a half=one and a half days
兩天半 two days and a half=two and a half days
一兩天……one or two days=a day or two
兩三天/周/個(gè)蘋(píng)果 a couple of days/weeks/apples…
三番五次 again and again; repeatedly; time and (time) again; over and over again; time after time
三年五載 from three to five years; in a few years
三三兩兩 in twos and threes; in knots
高中英語(yǔ)必考的語(yǔ)法是什么
1、as 句型
(1) as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句句型：“按照……;正如……”
例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你們國(guó)家一樣，我們北方種植小麥，南方種植水稻。
(2) as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+(a /an)+名詞+as ;
否定式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一樣是位優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……
例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一個(gè)如此的一個(gè)笨蛋以致相信了他所說(shuō)的話。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的強(qiáng)壯以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之類的…… (接名詞或定語(yǔ)從句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成為一個(gè)像雷鋒這樣的人。
(6) the same +名詞+as 和……一樣的…… (接名詞或定語(yǔ)從句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是從前的那樣子了。
(7) as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
眾所周知，知識(shí)就是力量。
(8)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，與while意義相近
例：We get wiser as we get older.
隨著我們長(zhǎng)大，我們也變得越來(lái)越聰明。
(9) 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，與 because的用法相近
例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越遲了，所以我們不久就回來(lái)了。
(10) 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
盡管他是一個(gè)小孩，但他對(duì)科學(xué)了解得很多。
2、prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home.
我寧愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜歡打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你愿意我留下來(lái)嗎?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……
寧愿…...而不愿...
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3、when 句型
(1) be doing sth...when...
例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑著的時(shí)候門(mén)突然開(kāi)了，他妻子走了進(jìn)來(lái)。
(2) be about to do sth ... when ...
例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我們剛要出發(fā)，天就開(kāi)始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在勞累了一天之后我剛剛就寢，電話鈴就響了。
4、seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that從句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看來(lái)好像每個(gè)人都很滿意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是對(duì)的，
(3) There seems to be ...
例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上去要有一場(chǎng)大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看樣子她不能來(lái)上課了。
5、表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我們之間相差一歲。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三歲。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他們把價(jià)格上漲了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工資已經(jīng)漲到了每月10,000元。
6、what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句
(1) what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
讓我吃驚的是每個(gè)人似乎對(duì)她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不關(guān)心的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我們能學(xué)會(huì)我們不懂的東西。
(3) what 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句
例：That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不知道他們正在談?wù)撌裁础?/p>
7、too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了，不能由政治家來(lái)決定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家里就非常高興。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿這雙鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me.
這篇課文對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。
(5) can't … too +形容詞 無(wú)論……也不為過(guò)
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我們?cè)僭趺磸?qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過(guò)。
8、where 句型
(1) where 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.
這就是他去年住過(guò)的房子。
(2) where 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句
例：This is where you are wrong.
這正是你錯(cuò)的地方。
9、wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人現(xiàn)在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一樣強(qiáng)壯。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人過(guò)去做某事
例： I wish you had told me earlier
要是你早點(diǎn)告訴我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人將來(lái)做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你這次會(huì)成功。
11、 before 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 寧愿做……而不愿做……
例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她寧可死也不去背叛祖國(guó)。
(2) would rather have done sth 寧愿過(guò)去做過(guò)某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我寧愿過(guò)去接受他的意見(jiàn)。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 寧愿某人過(guò)去做過(guò)某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通過(guò)上星期的考試。
(4) would rather sb did sth 寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)做某事
例： Who would you rather went with you?
你寧愿誰(shuí)和你一起去?
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +時(shí)間+ before + 還有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.
他還有四年時(shí)間變畢業(yè)了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我們航行了四天四夜才見(jiàn)到陸地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我們還沒(méi)走到一英里路就覺(jué)得累了。
(5) It was not +一段時(shí)間+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
還沒(méi)到兩年他們離開(kāi)了那國(guó)家。
13、用于表示過(guò)去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望和計(jì)劃的句型
(1) It is /was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天給我叔叔寫(xiě)信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你遇見(jiàn)的是你兄弟嗎?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + is/was it that ...
例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?
(4) do/does/did +謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ))
例：They do know the place well.
他們的確很熟悉那個(gè)地方。
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想給你寫(xiě)信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表示原打算做什么)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一場(chǎng)籃球比賽。
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納重點(diǎn)
一.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
一)不定式的?？夹问剑?/p>
1) 一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.
被動(dòng)形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.
語(yǔ)法功能： 表示與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同步發(fā)生
2) 完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.
被動(dòng)形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
語(yǔ)法功能：表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前
二)不定式?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：
1)不定式做定語(yǔ)----將要發(fā)生
2)不定式做狀語(yǔ)----目的
3)不定式充當(dāng)名詞功能---To see is to believe.
三)不定式的省略
1)感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel
+ do 表示動(dòng)作的完整性，真實(shí)性;
+ doing 表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我看見(jiàn)了"這個(gè)事實(shí))
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.
昨天我見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見(jiàn)他正干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作)
" 感官動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞而不是副詞：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.
2) 使役動(dòng)詞 have bid make let 等詞后不定式要省略但同1)一樣被動(dòng)以后要還原to
I 'd like to have John do it.
I have my package weighed.
Paul doesn't have to be made to learn.
3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do
四)有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式如：
want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do
force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do
be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do
We agreed _______ here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.(NMET
1995)
A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met (Key：C)
五) 有的時(shí)候to后面要接-ing形式
accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.
二. 動(dòng)名詞： 具有動(dòng)作性特征的名詞
1)是名詞 seeing is believing
2)具有動(dòng)詞性特征可以帶賓語(yǔ) starving troops is necessary.
一)動(dòng)名詞的形式:
一般形式：I don't like you smoking.
完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.
被動(dòng)形式：This question is far from being settled.
二) 動(dòng)名詞?？嫉狞c(diǎn)
1)動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)
2)在動(dòng)名詞和不定式中,做為介詞的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞
3)動(dòng)名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞,通過(guò)代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語(yǔ).
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.(MET 1992)
A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you're calling(Key：C your calling 也對(duì))
I regret not having taken your advice.
4)有些詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用說(shuō)法：
it's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...
三、一致關(guān)系
一)主謂一致
1. 主謂一致(與插入語(yǔ)無(wú)關(guān))
1主謂的分隔原則：主謂之間可以用定語(yǔ)從句或者省略的定語(yǔ)從句分隔。
2定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致：
3隨前一致：
n. + together with n2
as well as
including
along with
with / of
accompanied with / by
4就近原則：n1 or n2 +v(就近原則)
either n1 or n2
5可數(shù)n1 and 可數(shù)n2+v(pl)
不可數(shù)n1 and 不可數(shù)n2+v(pl)
例外：war and peace is… war and peace是一個(gè)整體
但是如果主語(yǔ)表示的是同一個(gè)概念，同一人，同一事的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的特征是and連接的兩個(gè)詞只有一個(gè)冠詞。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our country.
The head master and mathematical teacher is coming.
The head master and the mathematical teacher are coming.
類似的還有：law and order bread and
butter black and white
To love and to be loved is …
A lawyer and a teacher are…
A lawyer and teacher is …
6隨后原則：not A but B / not only A but also B+v.(與B一致)
7百分比結(jié)構(gòu)：most , half , rest , some , majority , one+persent
of+n1+v.(由n1決定
8倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的主謂一致：
a)There be +n 由名詞決定動(dòng)詞
b)Among , between等介詞位于句首引起倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：
Among / Between …+系動(dòng)詞+n. (由名詞決定動(dòng)詞)
9The+adj的主謂一致：
a)當(dāng)表示"一類人"，
b)當(dāng)表示某一抽象概念時(shí)
The good is always attractive.
10 To do/doing/主從+vs
__More than one+n
many a +n.
a day or two
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全
一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1、that 指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
which 指物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略)
who 指人在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
whom 指人在從句中作賓語(yǔ)
whose 指人或物在從句中作定語(yǔ)
as 指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
but 指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
注意：指物時(shí)，whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which或 of which+the+名詞
2、as 的用法
(1)常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意：the same…as 表示同一類，不同一個(gè)
the same…that 表示同一個(gè)
(2)as與which的區(qū)別
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中間;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起連接作用，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處，意為“正如，正像”。
Which相當(dāng)于并列句，可以用and this來(lái)代替，意為“這一點(diǎn)，這件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，which既可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，而as只可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)。
二、只用that不用which的情況
1、.先行詞為 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代詞時(shí)
2、先行詞被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修飾時(shí).
3、 當(dāng)先行詞是最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。
4、 當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。
5、當(dāng)先行詞是數(shù)詞時(shí).
6、 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。
7、如有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞則宜用 that。
8、主句是There be結(jié)構(gòu),修飾其主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用that 作關(guān)系代詞。
9、被修飾成分為表語(yǔ),或者關(guān)系代詞本身是定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)，該關(guān)系代詞宜用that。
10、先行詞為what，關(guān)系代詞用that。
11、有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)而使用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
三、只用which不用that的情況
1、 當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)。
2、 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。
3、 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞指整個(gè)主句的概念時(shí)。
四、只用who不用that的情況
1、當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones,anyone或those時(shí)。
2、there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中。
3、當(dāng)先行詞是人，后面有較長(zhǎng)修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)。
4、為了避免重復(fù)或引起歧義。
5、當(dāng)先行詞是I,you,he,they等時(shí)(常用于諺語(yǔ)中)。
6、先行詞是指成員的集體名詞。
7、who可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
8、先行詞是擬人化的名詞。
9、先行詞指特定的人時(shí)用who,不指特定的人用that。
五、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1、when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略，從句用相應(yīng)的完成時(shí)。
2、where 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
注意：當(dāng)先行詞為模糊的地點(diǎn)時(shí)，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名詞時(shí)用where.
3、why 原因狀語(yǔ) 先行詞為reason。