中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔
中山陵主要建筑有博愛(ài)坊、陵門(mén)、祭堂和墓室等，排列在一條中軸線上。從空中往下看，像一座平臥在綠絨毯上的“自由鐘”，曾入選“首批中國(guó)20世紀(jì)建筑遺產(chǎn)”名錄。接下來(lái)是小編為大家整理的關(guān)于中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔，方便大家閱讀與鑒賞!
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔1
In the early morning of April 24, the second and third field armies of the Chinese people's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and entered Nanjing. At that time, the Kuomintang troops in Nanjing had retreated. After the PLA's leading troops entered the city, they pursued forward. They found that there was another Kuomintang army in the cemetery, but this army was not a regular army of the Kuomintang, but a guard guard guarding Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. After learning of this situation, the superior leaders of the people's Liberation Army thought that the Gongwei troops guarding Zhongshan Mausoleum should be different from the Kuomintang troops participating in the civil war. Then, the 105th division of the second field army sent a regiment political commissar Liu Zhicheng to lead a group of soldiers into the cemetery. After arriving at the cemetery, they negotiated with fan Liang and other persons in charge of the Gongwei office. Both sides unanimously decided that the people's Liberation Army would be stationed in Zhongshan Mausoleum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, Linggu Temple and Zijinshan astronomical observatory. Gongwei brigade accepted the adaptation of the PLA and continued to serve as the guard of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Since then, the history of Zhongshan Mausoleum has opened a new page.
On the morning of the same day, Liu Zhicheng, political commissar of the regiment, called on the cadres of Gongwei office to make a speech, explaining that the Communist Party has always respected Dr. Sun Yat Sen, that the PLA will strictly protect Dr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum, and that the officers and soldiers of Gongwei Office will work peacefully as usual to maintain the normal order of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. Then, Liu Zhicheng and other people's Liberation Army leaders, led by fan Liang, boarded Zhongshan Mausoleum and inspected the memorial hall, stele Pavilion and mausoleum gate of Zhongshan Mausoleum. They found that there was no damage. At that time, the food supply of Gongwei brigade could not be maintained, and there was still a lack of food. When Liu Zhicheng heard about this situation, he immediately contacted his superiors to help them solve their temporary difficulties.
On the 25th, all the left behind people were called to speak. On April 27, a meeting of all the cadres above the monitor of Gongwei department was held to explain how to carry out the work under the new situation, and ordered that all the weapons should be recorded and sent to Liu Zhengwei to the higher authorities from now on, and all the weapons not used by each team should be deposited with the Department. At the same time, Chen Yi, commander of the third field army, wrote a warrant for "protecting Zhongshan Mausoleum" in his own handwriting, and sent people to Zhongshan Mausoleum. Chen Yi's warrant was framed and placed in the mausoleum hall.
In the early days of liberation, some people who did not know the truth listened to the rumors and thought that they could occupy the state property at will after liberation. Some people gathered in public to illegally cut down the forest, especially in the back of the mountain. Not only did some people not listen to persuasion and education, but they dared to surround and beat the members of the Gongwei guard. Zhang Wensheng, the monitor, and Zhai Wenwei, the member of the Gongwei guard, were all injured. Illegal logging was particularly rampant at night, and Dai Yuanzhen, a member of the team, was injured by a hand grenade when he was on patrol. In order to strengthen the protection of Zhongshan cemetery, the CMC decided to send the PLA to cooperate with the arch guard team to strengthen the patrol. Since August 1, Yao erjue and Li Wuben led the public security forces to guard the forest together with the members of the former arch guard. They also arrested 11 criminals, including Feng Qibao, who led the illegal forest felling, and escorted them to the people's Government of ten districts to deal with them. As a result, the bad elements who illegally felled the forest in the cemetery were attacked. After September, the wind of illegal forest felling gradually subsided.
November 12, 1949 is the first anniversary of Sun Yat Sen's birthday after the founding of new China. On this day, Nanjing Municipal military control commission and Nanjing Municipal People's government held a grand memorial ceremony at Zhongshan Mausoleum. More than 500 people from all walks of life and representatives from the municipal military control commission, the municipal government, the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China attended the ceremony. Su Yu, director of the CMC, Ke Qingshi, vice mayor, Tang Liang, deputy secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, Li Fangxun, Wu Yifang, Xu Yangqiu, Chen Zhongfan, representatives of various democratic parties and cultural circles, as well as representatives of the people's Liberation Army, workers and students, arrived at the Lingtang at 1:30 and stood in front of the statue of Sun Yat Sen. The memorial ceremony began with the National Anthem of new China. Director Su Yu made a short speech after he presented flowers to the statue of Sun Yat Sen. Later, the people who paid homage to Sun Yat Sen's tomb entered the tomb and went around Sun Yat Sen's tomb. The homage ceremony ended at 12 o'clock.
Since then, people from all walks of life in Jiangsu Province and Nanjing have come to Zhongshan Mausoleum to hold a memorial ceremony on the 12th of March and the 12th of November.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔2
From south to north, Zhongshan Mausoleum gradually rises along the central axis, followed by square, stone square, tomb path, tomb gate, stele Pavilion, memorial hall and tomb chamber.
Looking down from the air, Zhongshan Mausoleum looks like a "freedom bell" lying on the green carpet. The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen at the foot of the mountain is the spire of the bell, the half moon shaped square is the arc of the bell, and the dome of the tomb at the top of the mausoleum is like a smooth pendulum.
Behind the stone square of Beiting is a 375 meter long and 40 meter wide tomb passage. In front of the gate, there are four characters on the forehead of the gate, which are written in the handwriting of Sun Yat Sen: "the world is for the public". Further into the pavilion, a 6-meter-high stone tablet is engraved with the gilded character "on June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China, the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here". Passing the pavilion is the steep stone steps, which are divided into eight sections and 392 levels.
There are two Huabiao on the highest platform of the mausoleum, followed by the sacrificial hall. In the center of the memorial hall is the white marble statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. on the four walls of the memorial hall are engraved with the outline of the founding of the people's Republic written by Dr. Sun Yat Sen himself and the will written by Hu Hanmin and others.
There is a bronze door behind the memorial hall of the tomb, with the four characters of "great spirit forever" written on the banner. Inside the door is the bell shaped tomb, in the center of which is a round marble cave with a diameter of 4 meters and a depth of 5 meters. Sun Yat Sen's white jade coffin and lying statue were placed in the round cave.
There are also some memorial buildings around Zhongshan Mausoleum, which were invested and built by people from all walks of life and overseas Chinese at that time, and can be used for sightseeing.
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔3
Dear friends, when you come to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous and characteristic scenic spots. When you get to Nanjing, if you don't go to Zhongshan Mausoleum, you can only see half of Nanjing city. Although Nanjing is known as the "ancient capital of Six Dynasties" and has many places of interest, such as "forty scenes of Jinling", Zhongshan Mausoleum is undoubtedly one of the most attractive and well-known.
When we talk about Zhongshan Mausoleum, we should of course mention its owner, Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the great pioneer of China's democratic revolution. Mr. Sun's real name is Sun Wen and his character is Yixian. Foreign friends call him "Dr. Sun Yat Sen". Because he used the pseudonym of "Zhongshan Qiao" when he was engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan, he was honored as Dr. Sun Yat sen in China. Sun Yat Sen was born on November 12, 1866 in Cuiheng village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. He had little ambition. He studied in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places. After graduation, he practiced medicine in Guangzhou, Macao and other places. Later, he abandoned medicine and went into politics. In 1905, he organized the Chinese Alliance in Japan, and was elected as the leader. He put forward the famous program of "expelling prisoners, restoring China, establishing the Republic of China, and averaging land rights", and the theory of "nation, civil rights, and people's livelihood". After the Wuchang Uprising broke out on October 10, 1911, Mr. Sun was elected as the provisional president of the Republic of China by the representatives of 17 provinces, and was sworn in in in Nanjing on New Year's day the following year. Since then, he has experienced many ups and downs, such as "Yuan Shikai stealing the country", "the second revolution", "the movement to protect the country", "the movement to protect the law" and so on. At the first National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang held in Guangzhou in January 1924, he developed the old three people's principles into the new three people's principles, and put forward three major policies of "uniting Russia and the Communist Party to help farmers and workers". In November of the same year, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, he went north with illness to discuss the national plan. Finally, he died in Beijing on March 12, 1925 due to chronic labor.
The tomb site of Zhongshan Mausoleum was selected by Mr. Sun. It's a good place to build a mausoleum because of its wide view and magnificent weather. You may ask: Mr. Sun was born in Guangdong, died in Beijing, and spent his whole life traveling for the revolution. Why did he choose Nanjing as his resting place?
It is said that as early as 1912, when Mr. Sun took office as the provisional president, the abbot monk of Linggu Temple once recommended this geomantic treasure land of "Pingchuan in the front and Qingzhang in the back". On March 31 of that year, in order to seek the peaceful reunification of the north and the south, Dr. Sun Yat Sen resolutely resigned as president. One day in early April, he and Hu Hanmin went hunting in the area of Xiaoling Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty, and came to the site of the mausoleum to have a rest. Mr. Sun looked around and said to the left and right, when I die in the future, I want to ask the people for this land for burial. Of course, the momentum and Feng Shui of Zijin Mountain is not the fundamental reason for Mr. Sun's decision. On his deathbed, Mr. Sun said: "after my death, I can be buried at the foot of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing. Because Nanjing is the place where the provisional government was established, I will not forget the revolution of 1911. "Therefore, although Mr. Sun's stay in Nanjing is not long, Nanjing is of special significance to Mr. Sun. He chose Nanjing Zijin Mountain as the tomb site, fundamentally speaking, to commemorate the revolution of 1911 and inspire the revolutionary colleagues.
In order to respect Mr. Sun's will, the preparatory office for Sun Yat Sen's burial, composed of his wife Song Qingling and Sun Ke, inspected the site on the spot, selected the site of the mausoleum, planned a site of 2000 mu to repair the mausoleum, and published a newspaper award to collect the mausoleum design. Among the applicants, the bell pattern designed by young architect LV Yanzhi was unanimously awarded the first prize, and he was also employed to preside over all the projects. On March 12, 1926, on the first anniversary of Mr. Sun's death, a foundation laying ceremony was held. It took more than three years and cost 1.5 million silver yuan. Zhongshan Mausoleum was finally completed in the spring of 1929. Unfortunately, Lu Yanzhi, a talented young architect studying in the United States, devoted himself to the construction of the mausoleum. Unfortunately, he suffered from liver cancer as well as Mr. Sun. He died at the end of the project at the age of 35. The Fengan ceremony was held on June 1, 1929, and Mr. Sun's body was transported from Beijing to Nanjing. Since then, Mr. Sun has been sleeping here for more than 60 years.
The construction of Zhongshan Mausoleum is a great event in the history of Nanjing city construction. In order to meet Mr. Sun's spiritual pivot, Nanjing built the first asphalt road, Zhongshan Road, which is 24 Li long, from Zhongshan Wharf in the west to Zhongshan Gate in the East. Up to now, Zhongshan road is still one of the main roads in Nanjing. At the same time, the Chaoyang Gate of Ming Dynasty was renovated and renamed Zhongshan Gate. A cemetery road was built between Zhongshan Gate and Zhongshan Mausoleum. Just as Parisians are proud of the Champs Elysees and New Yorkers are proud of the Fifth Avenue, Nanjing people are most proud of the beautiful Boulevard of their city. The 3 km long Cemetery Road is undoubtedly the best representative of Nanjing Avenue. On this side of the "green corridor", Wutong is planted on the main street tree of Nanjing. People used to call it "China's Wutong", but traced back to the source, it is our native product. It was only because the French transplanted it from Yunnan to the French concession in Shanghai that they got the name of the combination of local and foreign cultures.
After leaving Zhongshan Gate, drive along Lingyuan Road, and the end point is the half moon square in front of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Please look south. Just south of the square is an octagonal stone platform. The two eared and three legged red copper tripod on the stage, weighing 5000 kg, is 4.25 meters high and 1.23 meters in diameter. It is one of the commemorative decorations of Zhongshan Mausoleum. The tripod was cast in the autumn of 1933 and donated by all the teachers and students of Guangzhou Sun Yat sen University and Dai Jitao. "Wisdom, benevolence and bravery" is the motto of Sun Yat sen University. There is a hexagonal bronze plate in the tripod, engraved with the full text of filial piety written by Dai Mu.
Stepping up from the square, facing is a stone archway with four pillars and three gates. Built in 1931-1933, the archway is 12 meters high and 17.3 meters wide. The building blocks are made of large pieces of Fujian granite, but they are made of traditional Chinese wood structure. When you look up, you can see the glittering word "fraternity" in the middle of the square. These two words are Mr. Sun's handwriting, originally from the Tang Han Yu's "original way" of "fraternity is benevolence". It is said that Mr. Sun loved to give away the word "title" when he was alive. Mr. Sun devoted his whole life to the bourgeois democratic revolution with the great spirit of fraternity, and fought for the independence and freedom of the nation. It can be said that the word "fraternity" is a high summary and the best portrayal of his life.
Walking forward from Bo Ai Fang is a 480 meter long and tens of meters wide tomb passage. The overall design of Zhongshan Mausoleum highlights the traditional Chinese style, solemn and unique. In order to reflect sun's sublimity and greatness, Zhongshan Mausoleum followed the ancient custom of taking the mountain as the mausoleum, and built the tomb chamber at the highest place of the mausoleum at an altitude of about 160 meters. In addition, the architectural vegetation of the whole mausoleum area is axial symmetry, which gives people a sense of solemnity. Please look ahead. Facing north, there are mausoleum gate, stele Pavilion, sacrificial hall and tomb chamber behind the sacrificial hall. The cedars, cypresses, Ginkgo biloba and red maple on both sides of the tomb path are opposite each other, replacing the stone man and stone beast used in ancient times, symbolizing Mr. Sun's revolutionary spirit and noble quality. Cedrus deodara is one of the four major ornamental tree species in the world, and has become the city tree of Nanjing.
At the end of the passage is the platform. According to the design of LV Yanzhi, the whole mausoleum is in the shape of "Mu Duo". Duo is what we usually call big bell block. In ancient times, it was used to announce religious and political decrees and war orders. Duo's voice is loud, and spread far away. It has the metaphorical meaning of "make the world reach Tao". The selection of such a scheme for the mausoleum reminds us of Mr. Sun's famous saying that "the revolution has not yet been successful, comrades still need to work hard", and its intention is also warning future generations. The platform square here is the lower edge of the "freedom clock" designed by LV Yanzhi. This magnificent three arch gate is the official beginning of the mausoleum. It is 16 meters high, 27 meters wide and 8.8 meters deep. It is also made of Fujian granite. On the banner of Zhongmen is Sun Yat Sen's handwritten "the world is for the public", which comes from the book of rites. Liyun's "the journey of the road is also the world is for the public", which means that the state power is not the world of any family, but the world of the people and the people. This is the ideal that Mr. Sun has strived for all his life and an excellent annotation of the three people's principles he advocated.
After the mausoleum gate is the stele Pavilion. On the 9-meter-high monument in the center of the pavilion, there are 24 large characters with gold inlaid face, written by Tan Yankai, a veteran of the Kuomintang, "the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here on June 1, the eighteenth year of the Republic of China.". At the beginning of the discussion, Wang Jingwei and Hu Hanmin planned to write inscriptions and epitaphs respectively. It took two years to write. We all think that Mr. Wang's ideological achievements can't be summarized by words, so we simply don't write inscriptions and use the present form instead.
Out of the pavilion, facing the stone steps layer upon layer. Nanjing people often say that the steps of Zhongshan Mausoleum are like stone lions of Lugou bridge. So visitors here often ask: how many steps does Zhongshan Mausoleum have?
Dear friends, you might as well count it, OK?
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔4
Dear tourists
hello everyone! I'm Prince Yang, guide of new century travel agency. Welcome to visit Zhongshan Mausoleum with me.
Zhongshan Mausoleum is located in Nanjing, the famous ancient capital of China. In the long history of China, 10 dynasties and regimes have established their capitals here. Many famous people are sleeping here. The mausoleum of Sun Zhongshan, the great revolutionary pioneer, is located at the southern foot of Zhongshan Mountain in the eastern suburb of Nanjing. Zhongshan is the highest peak of Ningzhen mountain range, about 460 meters above sea level, east-west trend, about 7 kilometers long, north-south width of about 3 kilometers. For thousands of years, various social activities have been carried out here, and many gardens, Dizhai, temples, pagodas, altars and mausoleums have been built, leaving countless historical facts and moving legends.
On March 12, 1925, Sun Yat Sen died of liver cancer in Beijing. On his deathbed, he repeatedly said that he would like his body to be preserved like his friend Lenin and buried in Nanjing Zijin Mountain. According to his will, the central executive committee of the Kuomintang unanimously decided to build a mausoleum in Nanjing Zijin mountain. The design of the mausoleum was selected through competition and adopted the method of sealed evaluation. Finally, the design of the mausoleum was evaluated The first prize is a bell pattern designed by Chinese designer LV Yanchang. The bell has the meaning of "warning" and "freedom". It symbolizes the significance and contribution of Sun Yat sen in leading the Chinese revolution. At the same time, it is consistent with Zhongshan, where the mausoleum is located. In the specific design, it adopts a combination of Chinese and Western techniques, draws on the experience of Chinese ancient traditional architecture, and adopts the general design method of central axis symmetry The plane layout, the architectural appearance of national form, the simple tone, the simple decoration and the large area greening and other methods well show the solemn atmosphere of the cemetery and the immortal spirit of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Zhongshan Mausoleum was built in the spring of 1926. Due to the Warlord's separatist regime, the political situation was chaotic, and the progress of the project was slow. It was only completed in March 1929. On June 1, 1929, a grand ceremony of Fengan was held, and all parts of the country were immersed in sorrow. Dr. Sun Yat Sen's coffin was buried in the tomb at 12 o'clock in the sound of 101 salute guns, and a generation of great men rested in the south foot of Zhongshan Mountain.
The entrance of the mausoleum is located at the southernmost end. It is a stone archway with three rooms and three floors. Under the eaves of the Ming Dynasty, there is a plaque of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's operation "fraternity". Continue to go inside, along the path of the tomb, you can get to the Great Mausoleum gate. The mausoleum gate is 15 meters high, 24 meters wide and 8 meters deep, with extraordinary momentum In big characters, from the back of the gate of the mausoleum to the stone steps and the stele Pavilion, there stands an 8-meter-high stone tablet in Guifu, which is engraved with gold regular script: "the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here, June 1, 18, the Republic of China.". From the stele Pavilion further north, across the 290 steps, we can reach a large platform 135 meters wide and 30 meters deep. The platform is the commanding height of the whole mausoleum. It has a broad vision and a myriad of sceneries. It is not only convenient for close-up, but also suitable for distant viewing. No matter in spring, summer, autumn, winter, wind, frost, rain and snow, nature shows people the wonderful scenery around it. In the center of the platform is the memorial hall. On the front of the memorial hall, the eye joint of Mingjian is engraved with Dr. Sun Yat Sen's operation "heaven and earth healthy qi". On the top of the three round ticket doors, there are six words "nation", "civil rights" and "people's livelihood". There are 12 black granite columns inside. To the north of the center of the memorial hall, there is a white marble statue of the great revolutionist. The statue sits upright and looks calm Detailed, vivid.
The majestic Zhongshan Mausoleum sets off Dr. Sun Yat Sen's great character and immortal spirit. It is also a symbol of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's character and spirit. In the solemn atmosphere of Zhongshan Mausoleum, it expresses people's infinite respect for Dr. Sun Yat Sen.
Sun Yat Sen, the forerunner of China's democratic revolution!
中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔5
National 4A tourist attractions. Originally known as the cemetery, it is located at the south foot of Xiaomao mountain, the second peak of Zhongshan Mountain. It is the mausoleum of Sun Yat Sen, the great revolutionary pioneer. It faces south from the north and is built close to the mountain. It is composed of a semicircular square, a memorial archway, a tomb passage, a tomb gate, a stele Pavilion, a memorial hall and a tomb chamber. The tomb is 165 meters above sea level, 700 meters from the starting plane, and 73 meters from the top to the bottom. The general plan of the whole group of buildings adopts the pattern of "Liberty Bell", which means "making the world reach the Tao". Those who look up from below can see that the vast forest is set off by the blue tiles and silver walls, just like the noble righteousness of a great man, living with the earth. The grand mausoleum project was laid in March 1926 and completed in the spring of 1929. On May 28 of the same year, Sun Yat Sen's coffin arrived in Nanjing from Beijing. On June 1, the Fengan ceremony was held in Zhongshan Mausoleum.
With the efforts of relevant departments and a cost of 4 billion yuan, the Zhongshan cemetery scenic spot in Nanjing has been renovated for four years. The newly completed scenic spots will be opened to the public free of charge. After this rectification, Qianhu Park, Pipa Lake Park, meihuagu Park, Xiamafang Heritage Park, Boai Park and Zhongshan sports park will be built around the original core area of the scenic spot And Yingpanshan park.
From the square to the sacrificial hall, the slope of Zhongshan Mausoleum increases step by step. From Boai square to the sacrificial hall, the elevation angle is 9 degrees. From the stele pavilion to the sacrificial hall, the elevation angle is increased to 19 degrees. There are 392 steps in Zhongshan Mausoleum, which add a sense of solemnity and reverence step by step. After walking the stone steps, you can reach the platform. Looking back, you can't see any stone steps. You can only see that the eight platforms are connected as flat ground. When you stand on the platform and look up, you can see all the peaks at your feet. You can have a panoramic view of the cemetery. The hills are emerald, the pines and cypresses are green, the pavilions are magnificent.
The new Qianhu park is located at the foot of the wall of Mingcheng City, north of Zhongshan Botanical Garden, displaying more than 2000 kinds of tropical plants; meihuagu Park, which is expanded from Meihuashan, covers an area of 1533 mu, with more than 350 varieties of Meihua, increasing from 15000 to nearly 40000. Xiamafang heritage park takes the 1.1km long Xiaoling Shinto as the main line. Along the line, there are three groups of stone buildings and a large number of precious stone relics of Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as newly unearthed high relief dragon stone tablet, Guanyin Pavilion big stone wall, Kangxi "fengzhimiansanze tablet", which are of great ornamental value.
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中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞簡(jiǎn)潔
